leave --- be away,
borrow --- keep,
buy --- have,
begin/start --- be on,
die --- be dead,
finish --- be over,
join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构,
fall ill --- be ill,
get up---be up,
catch a cold --- have a cold,
come here --- be here,
go there --- be there,
come back --- be back,
fall asleep --- be asleep,
get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in),
leave --- be away from,
get to know --- know,
go (get) out →be out，
put on→ wear;
catch a cold →have a cold等。
例:The old man died 4 years ago. ----The old man has been dead for 4 years. ---- It is 4 years since the old man died. ----Four years has passed since the old man died.
He joined the Party 2 years ago. -----He has been in the Party for 2 years.
I bought the book 5 days ago. ---- I have had the book for 5 days.
